Museo Comunale
Lucignano
The Municipal Museum is located on the ground floor of the thirteenth-century Palazzo Comunale di Lucignano. Inside it, it houses various sacred materials from different churches in the territory and from the Hospital of Sant'Anna. The most valuable work is represented by the Golden Tree, a rare and wonderful reliquary, about 2 meters high that was located inside the church of San Francesco.
Fortezza Medicea
Lucignano
The Medici Fortress was built on a hill for defensive purposes. Its structure includes two ramparts, different from each other, and a curtain. The project was much bigger and more impressive but it was never finished. Today only the ruins remain, even these are preserved rather badly.
Cassero e Torre Senese
Lucignano
Cassero and Torre Sienese is an ancient building, dating back to the Middle Ages, around the middle of 1300. The structure was designed by Bartolo Bartoli, who made it an addition to the city defenses, also incorporating the tower that rises high and imposing. Both have a square plan. Currently, the property is privately owned and is undergoing renovation, but tourists can still admire it from outside.
Porta San Giusto
Lucignano
The Gate of San Giusto takes its name from the church dedicated to San Giusto, in fact, which is located nearby. Today he is in a state of degradation.
Porta San Giovanni
Lucignano
The Porta San Giovanni is located in the municipality of Lucignano. Currently, it is in very poor storage conditions. For this reason, a restoration project is underway. The project is carried out by the architect Alessio Bartolozzi of the Urban Planning Office of the Municipality of Lucignano.
Basilica di San Francesco
Arezzo
(4952 Km)
The Gothic basilica of Arezzo is rich in frescoes of 14th century Tuscan painting. Inside you can admire one of the greatest masterpieces of the Renaissance, the "Legend of the True Cross" by Piero della Francesca, the extraordinary cycle painted by the artist between 1453 and 1459 c.a. in the Bacci chapel.
Uno scrigno prezioso: il Sistema Museale di Castiglion Fiorentino
Castiglion Fiorentino
(16 Km)
Parco Artistico Naturale e Culturale della Val D'Orcia
San Quirico d'Orcia
(26 Km)
Born to ensure the conservation of the artistic and natural heritage of the Val d'Orcia, since 1996 he deals with the realization of projects that see man and the territory protagonists.
Castello Monte Gualandro
Tuoro sul Trasimeno
(27 Km)
The Castle of Monte Gualandro, surrounded by pine trees, cypresses and olive trees, is located after the town of Tuoro, the last village before the border of Umbria and Tuscany.
Built between the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, with inserts Etruscan and Roman, consists of four towers and a large door that leads to the east.
Chiesa di San Salvatore
Tuoro sul Trasimeno
(27 Km)
The church of San Salvatore is a romanesque building dating from the twelfth century. It has a beautiful stone portal with reliefs depicting animals and plant decorations, dates from the second half of the twelfth century.
Centro di documentazione permanente su Annibale e la battaglia del Trasimeno
Tuoro sul Trasimeno
(27 Km)
The Centre, inaugurated in the early months of 1996, brings together a permanent exhibition on the subject of Hannibal and the various theories about the Battle of Trasimeno.By utilising the various stopping-places along the route, it is possible to identify the areas where the confrontation took place, and to visit the "ustrina", the huge pits which Hannibal had dug to burn the corpses.
Campo del Sole
Tuoro sul Trasimeno
(27 Km)
Campo del sole is an impressive architectural ensemble, an open-air museum, unique in its kind, which is located in Punta Navaccia. Designed by the famous artist Pietro Cascella, the project was carried out on several occasions since the summer of 1985 to the autumn of 1989 and represent the figure of a large spiral made up of 27 columns-sculptures.
Rocca di Monticchiello
Pienza
(23 Km)
The Rocca di Monticchiello dates back to the 13th century and is located on the walled village of the homonymous municipality. Only the Sienese formwork remains of the construction, consisting of walls and stone beccatelli. The walls were equipped with a walkway, and were interspersed with various towers of varying sizes.
Castelluccio
Pienza
(27 Km)
Also called Castelluccio dei Bifolchi, it was fortified in the fourteenth century with two corner towers still intact. In 1787 it was transformed into a 'fortified farm'. Since then, it has gone through various owners.
Cattedrale di San Donato
Arezzo
(24 Km)
The Cathedral of Arezzo: Gothic church containing the tomb of Pope Gregory X, dating back to XIV century, the 'Cenotaph Tarlati', the fresco of Mary Magdalene by Piero della Francesca and the glass windows of Marcillat.
Anfiteatro Romano
Arezzo
(23 Km)
Built between first and second century A.D., it has the classic elliptical shape. At present you can see, even if only partially, the audience and the remains of the ambulacra.
Fortezza Medicea
Arezzo
(24 Km)
On the hill of San Donato (Avenue B. Buozzi ), it's an important example of defensive military architecture of the sixteenth century. The ramparts of the Fort are a strategic viewpoint over the city, the Arno Valley.
Teatro Petrarca
Arezzo
(24 Km)
It 's the most important theater of Arezzo. Its construction, in 1828, was due to a stock company composed of citizens of Arezzo. It was considered a place of prestige for several major theater companies.
Museo Archeologico Statale Gaio Cilnio Mecenate
Arezzo
(23 Km)
It is the most important archaeological museum in Arezzo. It spreads over two floors. On the ground floor there is a topographic presentation, on the second floor a thematic exhibition with objects of palaeontology, prehistory and numismatics.
Le mura e la Fortezza
Montalcino
(32 Km)
The walls of Montalcino were built in the thirteenth century, while the fortress was built by Sienese architects in 1361 with pentagonal structure and slender corner towers and incorporating part of the walls.
Tempio della Madonna della Rosa
Chianciano Terme
(26 Km)
The most beautiful church in Chianciano, designed by Baldassarre Lanci, in 1569, architect of the Duke of Urbino. Inside, the image of Our Lady of the Rose is painted on a wall.
Torre dell’Orologio
Chianciano Terme
(26 Km)
An imposing medieval tower on which is represented the coat of arms of the Medici family, added when the Signoria of Florence had the ultimate control of the town.
Museo Archeologico delle Acque
Chianciano Terme
(25 Km)
Opened in 1997, it collects archaeological material discovered in the municipal area as a result of capillary research; it exhibits numerous Etruscan findings.
Castello Poggio alle Mura
Montalcino
(43 Km)
The Poggio alle Mura Castle was built in 1438 on a hill located between the river Orcia and Ombrone. Its ideal location has placed the fortress at the center of disputes between the Republic of Siena, the Aldobrandeschi and Florence. The ownership of the Castle has passed into management to several families including that of the Ptolemies and the Placid. The structure of the building has a square plan consisting of several buildings closed by a curtain wall. The property is currently owned by Banfi Spa, which has brought changes by adapting the fortress to a wine tourism center.
Chiesa di San Michele
Montalcino
(35 Km)
Located in the small town of Castiglione del Bosco in Montalcino, the Church of San Michele is a sacred building built before the 18th century. Behind the central nave you can see many frescoes by Pietro Lorenzetti.
Castello Altesi
Montalcino
(27 Km)
Located on a hill, Castello Altesi is located on the border between the municipalities of Montalcino and Buonconvento. It was built in the 15th century, to host the troops of Don Alvaro di Sande during the Republic of Siena in Montalcino.
Fortezza Medicea
Montalcino
(32 Km)
The Medici Fortress was built in 1381 by Mino Foresi and Domenico Feo. It is located in the historic center of Montalcino and is characterized by a pentagonal plan with high and irregular corner towers. The Medici coat of arms is placed on the external walls and the spur is also from the Medici era. The inner courtyard is currently used as a venue for shows and cultural initiatives.
Torre Longobarda Diroccato
Montevarchi
(29 Km)
The tower of Lombard origin was built on the hills of Montevarchi, for reasons of defense. It enjoyed a strategic position, from which he controlled the entire surrounding area.
Torre del Castello di Crevole
Murlo
(33 Km)
The Tower of the Castle of Crevole, in medieval times, was one of the most important centers in the area. During the Siena War, the Castle was destroyed by the imperial troops who spared only the Tower. Today, only the ruins that are part of a farm remain.
Porta e Borgo Fortificato
Murlo
(32 Km)
The small medieval village is located on a hill surrounded by a city wall built during the twelfth century in the province of Siena. The structure was the capital of the area that was owned by the Bishops of Siena. The village, still today, preserves its original medieval structure in good condition.
Castello di Battifolle
Arezzo
(21 Km)
The castle of Battifolle rises on a hill above the small village of the same name, a few meters from the exit of Arezzo. The present appearance of the castle still has the shape of an irregular square, the same as it had since 1381. The lower part of the outer wall curtain is equipped with a strong footprint. Instead, the main entrance is strengthened by a massive square rivet, known as 'bumper'.
Abbazia di Monte Oliveto Maggiore
Asciano
(20 Km)
It is a monastic complex located in the municipality of Asciano. The Abbey was born on a hill inside the woods where you can find: pines, oaks and cypresses. It is considered one of the most important monuments in Tuscany.
Castello di Bibbiano
Buonconvento
(29 Km)
The Castle of Bibbiano is an imposing medieval castle surrounded by a moat with drawbridge to increase defenses. Inside the Castle we find the Annunciation, the latest work by Pietro Lorenzetti, and the Madonna in the Chapel of the Castle, by Baldassarre Peruzzi.
Piramide di Montaperti
Castelnuovo Berardenga
(26 Km)
The Pyramid of Montaperti is a very special monument, built in memory of the Battle of Montaperti. The Pyramid was built in romantic times and is currently owned by the Berardenghi family.
Palazzo Comunale
Castiglion Fiorentino
(16 Km)
The Palazzo Comunale di Castiglion Fiorentino was built during the fourteenth century by the Perugini and was later renovated in 1489, the period when the General Council Hall was built. During the 16th century, the balustrade of the staircase was made of stone. The current appearance of the building dates back to a renovation that took place in 1935.
Logge del Vasari
Castiglion Fiorentino
(16 Km)
The Vasari Loggias were built in 1513 and are located in the Piazza del Municipio of Castiglion Fiorentino. They were retouched by Vasari and represent the most significant and best successful work of the architect from Arezzo. The Portico is bright and underneath the entrances of the ancient shops open.
Castello di Montecchio Vesponi
Castiglion Fiorentino
(15 Km)
The Castle of Montecchio Vesponi was built around the 9th century and was part of the fief of the Marchiones. The fortress is located on the summit of the hill overlooking the Val di Chiana. The structure consists of powerful walls interspersed with eight towers and an agile main tower of about thirty meters. The walls have signs of the houses used by the peasants and inside the keep is a private residence.
Castello di Ripa
Castiglione d'Orcia
(31 Km)
The Castle of Ripa, is an architectural complex located in Castiglione d'Orcia. It is also possible to visit its interior.
Rocca
Castiglione del Lago
(38 Km)
The Rocca del Castiglione del Lago is a magnificent structure whose construction was started in the twelfth century. Its walls are polygonal in shape and is equipped with 4 towers. The peculiarity of the Rocca is the number three that is repeated on various occasions. As in the town where three squares live together, three main streets, three gates. The fortification was the most important structure of Lake Trasimeno.
Fortezza del Girifalco o Medicea
Cortona
(20 Km)
The Girifalco Fortress is one of the oldest fortresses in the resort, in fact, it is assumed to be used already at the time of the Lombards and Goths. With certainty, however, we have written testimonies starting from 1258. What we see today is not its initial form because over the years it has undergone various changes and restructuring.
Torre del Palazzone
Cortona
(20 Km)
The Tower of the Palazzone in Cortona was built according to the style of the sixteenth century. The building was designed by the architect Giovan Battista Caporali at the will of Cardinal Silvio Passerini. In 1968 it was donated to the Scuola Superiore di Pisa, which currently uses it for several university training courses.
Castello di Pierle
Cortona
(30 Km)
Pierle Castle dates back to the feudal period. The construction is placed on a rocky spur and has an irregular shape. Three square towers are also part of the structure. Unfortunately, due to the bombings of World War II, it has been heavily damaged and today only parts of it remain. In fact, it can be visited only from the outside.
Castello di Sorbello
Cortona
(37 Km)
The Castle of Sorbello was built around 1000 and by fortification, in the seventeenth century, it was transformed into a stately residence. It has a trapezoidal base, with garitte at the top and the tower with Ghibelline battlements. This is among the largest ancient buildings in the area. Nowadays it is in good condition and is open to the public.
Museo Etrusco delle Acque
Chianciano Terme
(26 Km)
With Chiusi Chianciano Terme as well as UNESCO heritage sites, Terme, medieval center boasts the most important center of ETRUSCAN civilization, world headquarters of the Etruscan Museum of Water
Collegiata dei Santi Quirico e Giulitta
San Quirico d'Orcia
(26 Km)
The collegiate church of Saints Quirico and Giulitta is a sacred building of medieval origin located in San Quirico d'Orcia.
Villa Bianchi Bandinelli o Villa di Geggiano
Castelnuovo Berardenga
(28 Km)
The Villa, declared a National Monument for the perfect preservation of the eighteenth-century decorations and furnishings that are located inside it, has a beautiful Italian garden with views of Siena and an important Teatro di Verzura.
Necropoli Etrusca del Sodo
Cortona
(18 Km)
The Etruscan Necropolis of Sodo was discovered in 1909 and consists of a single tomb, consisting of an access corridor, two central rooms and a vestibule. This tomb, dating back to the 4th century BC, is thought to belong to Arnt Mefanates, since it is mentioned in the inscription placed on the lintel of the door. The materials found are kept in the Museum of the Etruscan Academy of the city of Cortona.
Museo Civico e Diocesano d'Arte Sacra
Montalcino
(32 Km)
The Civic and Diocesan Museum of Sacred Art was inaugurated in 1958 at the headquarters of the former Convent of Sant'Agostino di Montalcino. It includes 12 rooms that extend over three floors and present materials and works of Medieval and Modern art from the Province of Siena and the surrounding area. The most significant work is that depicting the Madonna with the Child by Luke di Tommè.
Museo Storico del Vetro e della Bottiglia "J. F. Mariani"
Montalcino
(34 Km)
The Historical Museum of Glass and the Bottle “J. F. Mariani” is housed in the rooms of the Castle of Poggio alle Mura di Montalcino. It collects different collections of glass art from the Egyptians era up to the works of the Venetian masters. There are rare bottles dating back to the 18th century by English masters as well as a collection of bottles mounted on art Nouveau silver.
Museo "Ernesto Galeffi"
Montevarchi
(31 Km)
The museum, dedicated to Ernesto Galeffi, was inaugurated in 2001. It houses a large collection of works of modern art, the work of the artist himself. Sculptures, paintings and drawings are exhibited that make up a collection of great cultural and artistic importance. The museum is available for all interested parties.
Museo Paleontologico dell'Accademia Valdarnese del Poggio
Montevarchi
(31 Km)
The Paleontological Museum is part of the Valdarnese Academy of Poggio. The original collection was established in 1809, thanks to the donation of the first collection, by the Monaco of Vallombrosa, Luigi Molinari. The materials are set up in the nineteenth century, with forty windows exhibited in three galleries. The Museum houses 1600 exhibits. Among them we find vegetable fossils and an interesting collection of animal fossils, between the age of the Upper Pliocene and the Lower Pleistocene.
Antiquarium di Poggio Civitate
Murlo
(32 Km)
The Antiquarium of Poggio Civitate was created in 1988 and contains a large number of archaeological finds. The most valuable is a princely home that testifies to the importance of the Etruscans in the Ombrone Valley. In the Museum there is also a workshop that deals with archaeological restorations.
Casa Museo Ivan Bruschi
Arezzo
(24 Km)
The museum is located inside the medieval palace of the Capitano del Popolo, precisely in front of the Parish Church of Santa Maria, the ancient house of Bruschi. The building dates back to the 13th century; in the fourteenth century it was owned by the Camaiani family; later, in the fifteenth century it was owned by the city government.
Casa Vasari
Arezzo
(24 Km)
This palace was purchased in 1540 by the painter, architect and art historian Giorgio Vasari. Even though the artist was busy with his travels throughout Italy, he did not give up taking part in the construction. The palace, after the painter's death, passed into the hands of several families until in 1911, the State decided to buy it and make it a museum open to the public.
Museo di Arte Medievale e Moderna
Arezzo
(24 Km)
The museum is located inside Palazzo Bruni — Ciocchi, built for the Bruni family and became, over time, the property of the Ciocchi family. We can see paintings, glass objects, tombstones, reliefs and medieval and Renaissance sculptures. The State Museum of Medieval and Modern Art is on three floors.
Museo 'A. Cassioli'
Asciano
(16 Km)
Built in 1991, the Cassioli museum is open from Tuesday to Friday from 10.00 to 13.00 and from 14.30 to 17.00. All the works present inside were granted by the Art Institute “Duccio di Buonisegna” in Siena.
Museo Archeologico e d'Arte Sacra
Asciano
(16 Km)
The Museum of Sacred and Archaeological Art contains one of the most important collections of the Musei Senesi foundation, the network created to unite the 25 museums of the Province of Siena. The museum of sacred art displays tables, wooden sculptures, canvases and sacred furnishings coming from the religious buildings of Asciano and its territory with some fundamental works for the history of medieval Sienese art, like the Nativity of the Virgin of the Master of Observance and the St. Michael the Archangel by Ambrogio Lorenzetti.
Museo di Palazzo "Piccolomini"
Pienza
(23 Km)
The Museum of Palazzo “Piccolomini” is located on the first floor of the eponymous Palace built in the fifteenth century as the residence of Pope Pius II. The museum area exhibits works that portray Enea Silvio Piccolomini and houses living materials, such as the bedroom of the well-known Pope. The adjoining library contains books, bubbles and writings from the period of Pope Pius II and Pope Pius III.
Museo Diocesano
Pienza
(23 Km)
The headquarters of the Diocesan Museum of Pienza was inaugurated in 1998 inside the Bishop's Palace. The museum is divided into eleven rooms along which are exhibited ecclesiastical works coming from the Duomo and the surrounding territory. The most important work is located in the fourth room and depicts the “Stories of Our Lady”, of Saint Margaret of Antioch and Saint Catherine of Alexandria, donated to the Pope by Thomas Paleologist.
Pinacoteca Comunale
Castiglion Fiorentino
(16 Km)
The Municipal Art Gallery is located in the former sacristy of the Church of Sant'Anna di Castiglion Fiorentino. Several goldsmiths are collected inside it, such as the thirteenth-century Holy Cross of French manufacture and the canvas of “St. Michael the Archangel” by Bartolomeo della Gatta.
Museo della Collegiata
Chianciano Terme
(25 Km)
The Collegiate Church Museum is located inside the eighteenth-century Arcipretal Palace of Chianciano Terme. Among the most important works is a Polyptych by the Master of Chianciano, in which a splendid Madonna and Child is depicted. Also interesting is the table that represents Giovanni Battista while supporting the ancient Chianciano.
Museo Civico Archeologico delle Acque
Chianciano Terme
(25 Km)
The Archaeological Museum of Water is located near the historic center of the city. The exhibition is dedicated to issues concerning the history of the territory of Chianciano. Great interest are the ancient tombs dating back to the last years of the 7th century BC, the necropolis of Morelli as well as a princely tomb reported to life size.
Bastioni di Santo Spirito
Arezzo
(23 Km)
The current arrangement of the Bastion dates back to 1800, when the entire central part of the door was knocked down to expand access to the San Bernardo district and was replaced with a barrier. From the current Bastions the axis of Corso Italia branches in the direction of the historic center, which serves as a link between the lower part and the top of the hill. It is also flanked by buildings of considerable prestige and architectural value.
Monumento a Guido Monaco
Arezzo
(24 Km)
Guido Monaco, to whom this statue is dedicated, was a great theorist of Italian music, originally from Arezzo. In 1864, to honor his figure, the Council of Arezzo ordered the construction of the monument. The statue was completed in 1882 when the city of Arezzo was celebrating the centenary of the birth of Guido Monaco.
Palazzo della Fraternita dei Laici
Arezzo
(24 Km)
The Fraternity of Santa Maria dei Laity is a building where a charity association founded in 1262 by a group of Arezzo directed by the friars of the Dominican Order, still active today for the activity welfare of the population. The construction of the structure began at the end of the 14th century, but the works ended only in the 16th century. In 1552 Felice da Fossato realized the famous work of the Clock, which indicates the hours, days, moon phases and the motion of the sun.
Palazzo Pretorio
Arezzo
(24 Km)
The Palazzo Pretorio is an ancient building built between the XIII-XIV century. Over the years it has undergone several renovations as it was also used as a prison (17th-20th century), later it became a Medieval Museum and a Picture Gallery (after serious restorations). Today the building is home to the Library of Arezzo, rich in private and public bookstores.
Monumento a Francesco Petrarca
Arezzo
(24 Km)
On 25 November 1928, the great monument to Francesco Petrarca was inaugurated. This monument was built to honor the sixth centenary since the birth of the great poet.
Casa del Petrarca
Arezzo
(24 Km)
Francesco Petrarca, an opera poet of literature, is also known as the founder of the Italian language. His birthplace is located in Borgo dell'Orto. After a first period when the building was private, it became the seat of the Arezzo Police Station. Currently the structure is known as the Petrarch Academy of Letters, Arts and Sciences. Inside, in addition to the rich library, we can also admire a particular collection of coins from various eras.
Palazzo della Provincia
Arezzo
(24 Km)
The construction of the Palazzo della Provincia of the city of Arezzo dates back to 24 February 1913. It was built on a project by engineer Giuseppe Paoli. The inauguration of the building took place on 27 September 1925 with the conclusion of the wall works. Several companies contributed to the realization of the decorative works such as: sandstone works, wrought irons, wood works, living room furnishings and those of stained glass windows.
Palazzo del Comune
Arezzo
(24 Km)
The Palazzo Comunale was built in 1333 and is located in the city of Arezzo. The architecture of the building is of fourteenth-century origin. Over time, the palace was restored several times. There are portraits, busts, the stone statue of the Madonna and Child and the Wedding Room with a stone fireplace. Today the palace is home to the Town Hall.
Palazzo Bruni Ciocchi
Arezzo
(24 Km)
It is a Renaissance building, known as Palazzo della Dogana for its' functions' in the 19th century. The property initially belonged to the Bruni family, to, then, switch to the Ciocchi family and, later, to the Barbolani. It underwent numerous renovations and, immediately after World War II, it hosted the Museum of Medieval and Modern Art.
Porta San Lorentino
Arezzo
(24 Km)
Porta di San Lorentino is of sixteenth-century origins. Despite the restorations it has undergone over the years, it still retains the original structure. It was named so because of its proximity to the church of the same name. It was a very important place for the social and commercial development of the area.
Porta San Clemente
Arezzo
(24 Km)
The Porta San Clemente is located at the north entrance of the Medici wall circle in Arezzo: the same was destroyed in the mid-sixteenth century. In 1833 the Gate was renovated and designed by Lorenzo Balocchi.
Porta Trento e Trieste
Arezzo
(24 Km)
The Porta Trento of Trieste, is the most recent in the city of Arezzo and was opened in 1816. Initially it was called Porta Ferdinanda or Porta Nuova and took its current denomination after World War I. It was erected with sober and elegant forms, designed by Neri Zocchi, near the bulwark of San Giusto. The door today is in excellent condition and easily accessible.
Piazza Grande
Arezzo
(24 Km)
Piazza Grande, also known as Piazza Vasari, was built in the XVI, designed by Giorgio Vasari. Known for its trapezoidal plan and a romantic setting, thanks to the Baroque style of the surrounding buildings. On the square we can find two structures of interest: the Giostra del Saracino and the Antiques Fair. Today the Square is populated for various events and exhibitions of works of art.
Palazzo delle Logge del Vasari
Arezzo
(24 Km)
The Palazzo delle Logge del Vasari is located in Arezzo. In 1573 the building was designed by Vasari on the requests of the municipality and in 1595 the construction of the building was completed. The architecture of the palace is considered the most beautiful that has ever been realized. Today the palace is among the most visited in the city.
La casa Museo di Ivan Bruschi
Arezzo
(24 Km)
In the House Museum of Ivan Bruschi it is offered the opportunity to observe an extraordinary collection of archaeological finds, medieval and modern sculptures and ceramics, jewels, coins, pictorial works, porcelain, furniture, glass, textiles and costumes, weapons and books. It was in fact Ivan Bruschi, a passionate collector and traveler, who launched the idea of the Antiques Fair, which since 1968 has been a moment and a place that makes the city a point of reference in the world of antiques.
Chiesa di Pieve di Confine
Tuoro sul Trasimeno
(27 Km)
The Church is located in the border between Perugia and Cortona, in the west part of the town of Tuoro sul Trasimeno. It is a romanesque building, of the XIth century, and nowadays is stil well preserved.
Le celle di San Francesco
Cortona
(36 Km)
The convent of “Le Celle” is one of the first Franciscan settlements chosen and wanted by Francis of Assisi.